Rotary bolt lock



Feb. 15,1927.. l,67,678.

F. U. BOWLING.

ROTARY BOLT LOCK Filed Sept. 24. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet ,L

l :nu

nb. '15, 1927. F. .l BOWLING 1,617,678

ROTARY BOLT LOCK Filed Sept. 24. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented4 F eb. 15, 1927.

FRANCIS J'. BOWLING, OF NEVJ" YORK, N. Y.

ROTARY BOLT LOCK.

Application filed September This invention relates to door locks and has particular reference to locks of the jimmyeproof type which are provided with rotating bolts and are adapted for use as mortise or rim locks and generally wherever a jimmy-proof lock is desired.

Among the objects of this invention is to provide a lock having a rotating bolt adapt# ed for easy actuation and efficient jimmyproof interlock between a lock casing and a strike.

Another object of this invention is to pro vide a lock having a rotating bolt and means of a simplified character for actuating said bolt.

Another object of this invention is to provide a lock of a compact nature having a rotating bolt arranged in a novel manner to interlock in an efficient manner with a strike and provide clearances between the door and amb.

Another object of this invention is to provide in conjunction with a lock casing and a. strike of preferably simplified and compact character, a bolt arranged to rotate for jimmy-proof interlock through a relatively large angle such as 90o and at the same time permitting of ample variations in clearances between the door and amb.

Still another object of this invention is to provide novel actuating means adapted for inexpensive manufacture and for facilitating the accomplishment of the objects aforesaid, said actuating' means providing more specifically for constant positive actuation oi' the bolt and for a. rotation of the bolt through a minimum projection or retraction thereof.

The subject matter of this application constitutes an improvement upon my invention as set forth in my application, Serial No. 37,658, tiled June 17th, 1925.

The essential characteristic of my improvement and which constitutes a notable advance in rotatable bolt lock art resides in the fact that my bolt can enter or interlock with the strike after being rotated through various angles depending upon various clearances between the door and jamb and the construction of the strike. The real significance of this principle will be understood when it is noted that although the bolt ro` tates through a relatively large Vtotal angle of 900 to the extreme position of projection, nevertheless the front wall of the strike is cleared by the end hook on the bolt though 24, 1925. Serial No. 58,232.

a maximum clearance be observed as between the door and jamb, and with a minimum length of the bolt. The importance 0f each of these factors will now be bri-efiy explained.

In order to be salable, a lock must measure 23/8 inches from the front edge of the lock casing to the center of the knob and barrel. This is to provide for replaceability without altering the hole in the `door that receives the barrel, all standard locks to-day being built to this measure. This factor has a direct bearing upon the available lengt-h of the bolt and consequently upon the rotational characteristics thereof.

Another factor aftecting the length of the bolt andnecessitating the use of a. bolt of minimum length is that the bell crank used in the lock casing must be as long as possible consistent with the available space in the casing in order to obtain a central force to act on the lock mechanism for projection of thc bolt, and more specifically, to obtain a central push on the carrier or actuator plate or member and prevent the same from binding` at the side of the lock casing or aga-inst a member acting as a guide for said carrier. A shorter bell crank would mean that an excessive component force would be set up acting laterally of the carrier and increasing the frictional resistance thereof making projection of the bolt difficult. 1nasmuch as the available distance between the front edge of the lock casing and the center of the knob is limited and the length of the bell crank must be not less than a certain minimum, it follows: that the length of the bolt is fixed between predetermined limits as defined above, and more specifically, depends on the difference in length as between the distance between the edge of the lock casing and the center of the kno-b and the length of the bell cra-nk.

The consideration of frictional resistance as mentioned above in connection with the desirability of having the bell crank as long as possible is of further importance in the construction of the cam for ro-t-ating the bolt. Efficiency and salability require that the bolt be rotated through a quarter turn, which means a relatively large cam. However, the slope of the cam must be kept at a minimum to reduce frictional resistance. Moreover, the bolt being of a predetermined minimum length as explained above, the total forward movement or projection of the bolt, which is one inch, is a minimum. This again limits the length and therefore increases relatively the slope of the cam. Moreover, the front wall of the strike must be cleared by the hook on the bolt along the path of movement both rotational and translational. rlhen again clearancemust be permittedL between the front wall of the strike and the edge of the lock casing to provide for structural defects in the construe tion of the building, and the more clearance that can be provided for the better. lith all these considerations in view I have so arranged the bolt as to rotate through about 30 before entering the opening of the strike, and yet the hook on the bolt is so positioned as to clear the front wall of the strike before interlocking therewith in a jimmy-proof manner. This permits me to use a cam having a. practical slope and at the same time to provide for ample clearances as between the door and jamb, and for a 90o turn yof the bolt. The slope of the cam averages approximately 45, which is the maximum practical limit available.

Vith the foregoing and other objects in view the invention consists in the arrangement and combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed, and while the invention is not restricted to the exact details of construction disclosed or suggested herein, still for the purpose of illustrating a practical embodiment thereof reference is had to the accompanying drawings in which like reference characters designate the same parts in the several views, and in which- Figure l is a horizontal section showing my lock mechanism in locked position on a door and j amb.

Fig. 2 is a fractional sectional view similar to Fig. l but showing the bolt soon after beginning to turn.

F10. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of l1 Fig@ g Fig. et is a section on the line t-t of L'. 5 is a front edge view of the lock casing as indicated by arrow 5 of Fig. G.

Fig. 6 is an inside elevation of the lock mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 but with the bolts and part of the actuating mechanism removed.

Fig. 8 is a section on the line S-S of Fig. 6.

Fig. 9 is a section on line 99 of Fig. E2.

Fig. l() is a section on line l of Fig. 1.

Fig.. 1l is a side elevation and bottom view of a follower.

Fig. 12 is a section of a bolt on line 12-12 of Fig. (3.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a cam.

Fig. 14 is a section on line ll-lt of Fie'. 13.

Referring now more specifically to the drawings and describing first the purely auxiliary features of my invention, l show my lock as comprising a casing l mounted upon a door 16, and a strike 17 upon a amb 18. A hole 19 is provided through the door to receive a barrel 2O having mechanism operated by a key inserted through flange 9.1 in a conventional manner. An anchor' plate is provided to co-operate with screws Q3 to secure the barrel to the door, a tongue 2l being provided projecting from said barrel through said anchor plate for actuating the lock mechanism. For operation of the lock from within the door, a knob is used, coaxial with said barrel. he lock casing and strike are secured to the door and jainb in any suitable manner. My invention is not to be limited to the specitic arrangement shown but contemplates de vices that may be used for any locking function or arrangement.

Any suitable actuating means can be used to fulfill the broader aspects ot my invention. The means 'for imparting translational movement to the bolt can in particular be made in a variety of ways. However7 l show a carrier plate or actuator 2G which rides upon seats 27 provided on ridges 2S at the sides of the lock casing and is thus retained for movement back and forth in a plane parallel to the path of projection of the bolt. Positioned on the carrier plate is a bell crank 29 pivoted thereon by means of a pin 30 journaled in the carrier plate. The carrier plate is slotted at 3l along an are having the axis of the pin 2l() as a center. a pin 32 being projected downward from the bell crank through said slot to engage a crank arm 33. rEhe. crank arm is secured to a sleeve 34 actuated by the knob 25 so as to oscillate about the axis of the knob and the barrel Q0. A boss S5 is cast in the lock cas ing to support the crank arm 83 in proxiinitv to the carrier plate. An uj'istarnling pin lt is formed in the bell crank 25) and a springl 3T engaged thereon and with a pin 3b ti.\'edl \Y mounted in the, carrier plate and a lug ilu at an end of the 1nell crank to actuate the bell crank so as to lie with a line joining the centers of pins 30 and along the central longitudinal axis of the lock7 thereby positively locking the bolt from movement until the manual actuating` means is reversed. Both the bell crank and the crank arm will thus be seen to have oscillatory movements, the position oi the bell crank being as indi.- cated in 6 whether the bolts are in rctracted or projected position. An intermediate position of the bell crank when the bolt is partially projected is shown diagrammatically in dotted lines in Fig. G, o being the arc of a circle described by the crank arm 33 beneath the carrier plate, and o the line joining the centers of pins 30 and The lateral component of the force exerted on the lil) carrier plate at the pin is kept a minimum by making the bell crank as long as possible, and thus frictional resistance between the carrier plate and the ridges 2S is minimized.

A cover plate is provided for the lock casing within which is journaled the sleeve 4l that is secured to the crank 42, said sleeve being slotted for actuation thereof by the thin flat tongue 24. The bell crank 29 is provided with a recess 43 to receive the end of the crank arm 42 for actuation of the bell crank.

I provide one or more bolts engaged by the actuating means in any suitable manner as by means of circular bearing heads 44 for said bolts and bearing necks 45 between said heads and the main body of the bolts. The carrier plate 26 is provided with a fiange 46 extending downward and provided with recesses or bearings 47 to receive said necks. A yoke 48 extends along the top of the carrier plate toy lock down on said necks` said yoke having an upwardly Idirected flange 49 in the plane of the fiange 46. The description of these auxiliary features will be found more fully described' and set forth in my application, Serial No. 37,658, already referred to. The main or essential features of the invention will now be disclosed.

My invention comprises primarily a ro tatable bolt having a hook or other engaging )r projecting` means for interlocking with a strike, the rotation of the bolt beginning before the same has entered the strike. The construction of the strike may be altered within a wide range within the scope of this invention. Generally, it will be understood as comprising means for interlocking in a jimmy-proof manner with a bolt as defined above. Inasmuch as rotation of a bolt through a relatively large angle and preferably for a quarter turn is desirable for reasons of efficiency and salability, the latter including particularly the appearance of the lock, and especially that of the bolt when projected and retracted, my invention which is novel in disclosing a bolt arranged for making a part of that turn before entering the strike is in point of application of this principle to be construed broadly.

To permit of the use of a cam of a practical slope or inclination, and to permit of the use of reasonable clearances between the door and jamb such as are required by the building industry and lock art, I provide bolts 5() co-operating with engaging means such as hooks 51. The hooks 51 are movable about their aXes through a predetermined angle prior to entering an opening 52 in the strike. More specifically, said hooks may be arranged to lie continuously adjacent t0 or in the space defined by the hook actuating means or bolts 50, as indicated for instance by line c of Fig. 3 which corresponds to Fig. 2 before the front wall 53 of the strike must be cleared by the rotating hooks. The hooks or tension means 5l will now continue ro'- tating to the position shown in Figs. l and 4. It will be seen that this arrangement of the hooks 5l permits them to be rotated while passing through a relatively large part of the total length of projection of the bolts, and therefore can be made of an operative slope.

Preferably the laterally extending mem` bers or hooks 5l are formed as a part of the bolt or carrier members 5,0 and are rotatable in conjunction therewith and about the axes of said bolts. The shape and position of the hooks 5l on the bolts 50 are generally speaking such that the hooks are smaller at their 'ends than the portions of the bolts that enter the strike. The hooks constitute generally a tension means and are positioned preferably at the ends of the bolts and may extend outward at an angle to said bolts. As thus disclosed, the hooks or tension means may assume a variety of forms. As a neat and simple construction, however, I position the hooks mainly uponone side of the axes of the bolts and in a manner tangential thereto or to circles having their centers on the axes of said bolts. The hooks are rotatable as indicated by arrows (Z. Since the hooks, in normal retracted position, are positioned wholly along a side of the bolts as on one Side of a plane passing through the axes of the hooks, the space available for rotation of the hooks prior to their entering the 1uside of the strike is made a maximum as shown at e. The end corners of the hooks are cut off at 54 to provide clearance for rotation.

The form of the bolts 50 can be made as desired but preferably it is cylindrical. Bearing members are provided for the bolts to facilitate projection and rotation thereof, such as the steel sleeves 55. These serve also to strengthen the bolts and act as an additionalbridge between the lock casing and anchor member or strikel They move in the circular openings 56 of the lock casing, said openings having a connecting opening or slot 57 which receives the hooks when the saine are retracted. have suitable eo-operation with the actuating means for projection, and connect with the heads 44 for engagement with the carrier plate. The ends of the bolts seat against the lianges 46 and 49.

The means for rotating the bolts includes cams 58 in external spaced relation to the bolts. Said cams are secured to the lock Said fol- The bolts lowers are arranged for causing said hooks to rotate to provide a jimmy-proof lock. For the sake of simplicity said followers are secured directly to said hook actuating means or bolts as by means of pins 6l passing through the bolts and the ring portions ('52J of the followers that receive the same. Each follower comprises a pair of lingers (33 which have their working faces so arranged (see F ig. ll) as to permit the same to be operated by a cam 58 whether relative movement occurs along line g as in Figs. 8 and l() or along a line t as in Fig. 9. Each follower is thus seen as moving about a fixed axis, the axis of the bolt that carries it.

The cams 5S comprise portions Get and (35 engageable between the fingers 63, said portions being arranged at 900 with each other to provide for the quarter turn of the bolts. An intermediate inclined and spiral or twisted portion (SG is provided to cause the bolts to rotate. Each cam portion (it is straight and permits the bolt to move ontward or inward therealong` without rotating. rlhe object of this is so that the hooks 5l may clear the end wall (i7 of the lock casing for movement in the slot 57 in said end wall. 'Upon projection from said slot` the bolts may begin to be rotated immediately by the cam'portions G6. Upon reaching the end of travel, each follower is held against rotation by a dwell on the cam at G5. The curved portion 6G of each cam is thinner than the straight portion to permit the follower to move therealong while rotating about its fixed axis, and to provide against slack or looseness in the engagement as between the end portions of the cam and follower. Thus the movement of the bolts is perfectly positive throughout in both directions.

It will be understood that the curvature of the cam is determined by the considerations stated hereinbefore, that rotational movement may begin as soon as the hooks leave the wall of the lock casing, and that in any event the hooks rotate into a position shown in Fig. 3 before the front wall 53 of the strike must be cleared by the hooks and further rotation follows.

My lock provides for clearance between the edge of the door and the jamb and also for clearance transversely of the lock` since the opening 52 in the strike is considerably wider than the thickness of the bolts, or the region defined thereby as shown in Fig. 23.

My invention also comprises a lock having a bolt with a hook;vv and a strike having a member engageable with said hook, said bolt being rotatable, said hook being spaced from the member on the strike in the direction of a tangent to an arc described by said hook at the point of the arc where the hook begins its rotation on being projected and perpendicular to the plane f, thus pertemere mitting the hook to be rotated through a relatively considerable angle before coming into position to engage the member in the strike and before further rotation of the bolt. Viewed from another standpoint, the strike is conceived of as having an opening to receive a bolt having a hook, the portion of the strike opening through which the hook enters being larger than said book to permit the same to be rotated while passing through said opening to permit of a practical cam slope and to take care of varying clearances between the door and jamb. The engaging or tension means, though shown in the form of a hook, may assume any practical form con'iprehcnded within the scope of the terms used, likewise the walls 53 of the strike. The latter constitutes in a general sense a men'iber spaced angularly from the hooks 5l referring to the axes of rotation of the hooks.

lvlhile the cams 58 may have any suitable. relation to the main portion of the casing as to the construction or assemblage, l prefer that they be made as parts separate from the casing and possessed of removability for any desired purpose such as for interchange, renewal or the like. They may be described as being elevated from the body or wall of the lock casing.

ll claim:

l. A lock comprising a casing for a door, a strike for a jamb, a rotatable bolt projectable from the casing to engage the strike and having a laterally projecting holding member, and actuating means for the bolt including a cam external of the bolt and with respect to which the bolt is rotatable, the strike having an opening to receive the bolt and engaging means with which the holding member is engageable when the bolt is rotated through approxin'iately a quarter turn, said actuating means being arranged to initiate the rotation of the bolt almost coincident with the initial projection of the bolt from the casing whereby the slope of the cam can be reduced to a practical maximum of about 4:50 while the maximum projection ot the bolt is retained at a minimum of approxin'iately one inch, th-e opening of the strike being arranged to receive the holding member at various positions of angularity and also after a rotation of the bolt of about SOO before entering the strike.

2. A lock comprising a casing for a door, a strike for a jamb, a rotatable bolt projectable from the casing to engage the strike and having a laterally projecting holding member, and actuating means for the bolt including a cam, the strike having engaging means to engage the holding member when thel bolt is rotated through approximately a quarter turn, said actuating means being arranged to initiate rotation of the bolt almost coincident with the initial projection of the bolt from the casing whereby the slope of the cam can be reduced to a practical maximum of about while the maximum projection of the bolt is retained at-a minimum of approximately one inch, the engaging means on the strike being spaced to permit the holding member to be received in the strike at various positions of angularity depending upon the incidental clearance between the door and jamb, and also after a maximum rotation of the bolt of about 800 before entering the strike.

3. A lock comprising a casing for a door, a strike for a jamb, and engagement means projectable from the casing to engage the strike, the engagement means having a laterally projecting rotatable holding member, the strike having an opening to receive said engagement means, said opening being so arranged as to cause the strike to embrace said engagement means when the lock is closed to prevent any opening movement of the door, the portion of said opening that receives said holding member being of larger size than said member and so positioned relatively thereto that said holding member is rotatable through a relatively considerable angle before engaging the strike to prevent jimmying, said holding member being receivable in said opening in various positions of angularity depending upon the clearance between the door and the jamb and at a considerable angle as aforesaid.

4. A lock comprising a casing, an anchor member, a rotatable bolt projectable from said casing to engage said anchor member, said bolt having means for engaging said anchor member in a jimmy-proof manner, said casing having an opening to receive said bolt including said means when the bolt is retracted, and means for imparting to said bolt a translational movement when being projected from said opening, and to cause said bolt to begin to rotate at a point intermediate of the casing and anchor member upon further projection, the anchor member being engageable with the bolt at a point more remote from the casing than the intermediate point and being so spaced from the bolt as to receive the bolt also at the intermediate point.

5. A lock comprising a casing, a strike, a bolt, and actuating means therefor, said bolt having a laterally extending hook for engagement with the strike, said hook being rotatable, said actuating means being arranged to rotate said hook before the same has been sutliciently projected to engage the strike, the degree of rotation of the hook varying with the projection thereof, said strike being so arranged as to permit the bolt and hook to move into engaging relation therewith at positions of considerably varying v angularity depending upon the clearance between the strike and casing, and the consequent necessary projection of the bolt for initial engagement, the bolt being normally engageable with the strike at an angle to its initial angular position.

6. A lock comprising a casing, a strike, engaging means projectable from the casing to engage said strike, said engaging means comprising a carrier member and a hook extending in predetermined direction when the same is retracted, said strike having an opening to receive said carrier member, said opening being longer in the predetermined direction than it is wide and of approximately uniform width, said hook being smaller than said carrier member, and rotatable, to enter said opening at an angle to the direction aforesaid.

T. A lock comprising a casing, a strike, bolt means projectable from the casing and comprising rotatable tension means for engaging the strike in a jimmy-proof manner, and actuating means for the bolt means, said strike having a member for interlocking with said tension means, said member being angularly spaced from the tension means with reference to the rotational path of the latter, whereby said tension means is movable past said member on projection of the tension means to a predetermined point out of the casing and regardless of the degree of rotation that has occurred during such projection.

8. A lock comprising a casing, a strike, a rotatable bolt, and actuating means for proe jecting and rotating said bolt comprising a relatively fixed cam, a split follower having direct co-operation between said cam and said bolt, and means for imparting a forward movement to said bolt, whereby said bolt is caused to rotate by said follower.

9. A lock comprising a casing, a strike, a bolt, and actuating means for projecting and rotating said bolt comprising a cam, a follower arranged to turn directly with said bolt and projectable therewith, and means forimparting a forward movement to the bolt, said follower being split to receive said cam for imparting a positive rotary movement thereto. s

10. A lock comprising a casing, a strike, a bolt, and actuating means for the bolt comprising a cam, a follower co-operating directly between said bolt and said cam and means for projecting the bolt and follower, said follower being rotatable about the axis of the bolt and having a pair of spaced lingers to receive said cam for positive. actuation of said bolt, said cam being of vary ingthickness to insure wholly positive rotation of the bolt.

11. A lock comprising a casing, a strike, a rotatable bolt, and actuating means for the bolt comprising a relatively fixed cam,- and a follower secured to move directly With the bolt and about the axis thereof, and having a pair of fixedly spaced fingers to receive said cam continuously during a rotation of said bolt, said fingers lying in substantially symmetrical relation about a plane approximately perpendicular to said axis and passing through said fingers, said cam being of less thickness than the space between the fingers but arranged to contact both of said fingers with reference to a plane inclined to said axis.

12. A lock comprising a casing, arstiake, a rotatable bolt, and actuating means for the bolt comprising a relatively fixed cam, and a follower secured to move directly with the bolt and about the axis thereof, and having a plurality of fixed spaced fingers to receive said cam continuously during a rotation and projection of said bolt, said cam having a relatively straight portion for engagement with the follower during projection only of said bolt and to prevent accidental rotation of the bolt, said cam having a curved portion for causing a rotation of the bolt upon further projection thereof, said cam being of a different thickness at the curved portion than at the straight portion to positively engage said follower during the entire movement of the bolt.

13. A lock comprising a casing having a bolt, said bolt having a hook, and a strike ing a member for engaging with said tension means in a jimmy-proof manner, said tension means and said strike being so arranged with respect to each other as to permit the tension means to rotate through a relatively considerable angle while being projected before coming into position to engage with said member, said tension means being arranged to continue said rotation for engagement with said member, actuating means being provided for the bolt comprising a carrier (3o-operating with the bolt at the rear end thereof to project the bolt, a cam, and a follower carried by the bolt at the rear end thereof and co-operating with the cam to cause the tension means to rotate while being projected, the carrier insuring proper engagement between the cam and the follower when the bolt is retracted.

16. A lock comprising a casing, a strike. and a bolt including tension means operative from said casing, said strike having a member for jimn'iy-proof engagement with said tension means, said tension means being rotatable and comprising a member spaced from the strike member in the direction of a. tangent to an are described by said tension means at the point of initial rotation of the tension means upon being projected, whereby said tension means is rotatable through a relatively considerable engageable with said hook, sai'dwbltsaidmaiigle before coming into proximity to holi,'iiiidsiiid"strilebeing so a rran ged with respect to each other as to permit the hook to rotate while being projected before enteringl the strike, and then to continue its rotation for engagement with the strike, actuating means being provided for the bolt comprising a cam fixed relative to the bolt, means for projecting the bolt, and a. follower for the cam co-operating with the bolt at an angle transverse to the axis thereof to cause the bolt to rotate while being projected.

14. A lock comprising a casing and a strike, a bolt including tension means operative from said casing for jinn'nv-proof engagement with /saidnwyjilike said tension means and said' Vstrike being so arranged with respect to each other as to permit the tension means to rotate through a relatively considerable angle while being projected before entering the strike, and then to continue its rotation while being projected into the strike for jimmy-proof engagement therewith, actuating means heilig provided for the bolt comprising means to project the bolt., a cam fixed relative to the bolt, and a split follower carried by the bolt and cooperating with the cam to provide for rotation of the tension means as the same is projected, said cam being elevated to be received by said split follower.

15. A lock comprising a lock casing, a strike, and a bolt including tension means operative from said easing, said strike havsaid strike member to engage the same upon further rotation of said tension means, actuating means being provided for the bolt comprising means to project the bolt, a cam, and a follower secured to the bolt and having a plurality of spaced fingers to receive the cam, said fingers being so arranged as to permit the cam to be received along a line substantially parallel to the axis of the bolt and along a line at an angle to said axis de- ]iending upon the rotational position of the. bolt.

ll. The herein described rotary bolt lock comprising, in combination, a easing, a bolt housed normally within the casing but projectable outward therefrom, a fixed cam within the casing exterior to the bolt, and manual means to project the bolt, the am :is a result of such projection causing the bolt to rotate during the latter part of its projection` but having a straight portion to bold the holt from rotation initially. the manual means serving positively to hold the holt projected.

18. ln a loch. the combination oi"V a lock casing, a st rike. a plurality of bolts in the lock casing, and actuating means for projecting the bolts and retailing them to engage the strike, said bolts comprising a pair of hooks extending toward each other and ofiset toward one side of a plane passing through the axes of rotation of the bolts, the bolts being rotatable to cause their hooks when being lil() projected to move in a direction opposite to that in which they are offset.

19. In a` lock, the combination of a lock casing, a strike, a plurality of bolts in the lock casing, and actuating means for projecting the bolts and rotating them to engage Jthe strike, said bolts comprising a pair of hooks extending toward each other and olfset toward one side of a plane passing through the axes of rotation of the bolts, the bolts being` rotatable to cause their hooks when being projected to move in a direction opposite to that in which they are olllset, the hooks being beveled at angle's to said plane to facilitate movement of the hooks about the axes of the bolts in the direction aforesaid.

Q0. In a lock, the combination of a lock casing, a strike, a plurality of bolts in the lock casing, and actuating means for projectingl the bolts and rotating them to engage the strike, said bolts comprising a pair of hooks extending initially7 toward each other and offset toward one side of a plane passing through the axes of rotation of the bolts, the bolts being rotatable to cause their hooks when heilig projected to move in a direction opposite to that in which they are offset, the strike having engaging means spaced from said hooks as to be engageable therewith only when the hooks have moved through a predetermined angle from their initial position as aforesaid.

Q1. In a lock, the combination of a casing, a strike, a bolt normally within the casing and projectable therefrom to engage the strike, and actuating means for the bolt comprising a single sliding carrier and a cam to rotate the bolt while being projected, a carrier for the bolt engaging the same at the rear thereof, and a follower co-operating with the cam and secured to the bolt at the rear end thereof, said carrier providing` for projection of the bolt in a` uniform axial direction, and said follower extending from the bolt at an angle to said axis.

22.. In a. lock, the combination of a. casing, a strike, a bolt projectable from the 'asing to engage the strike, and actuz'iting means for the bolt comprising a single sliding carrier and a cam to rotate the bolt. while being projected, a carrier for the bolt engaging the same at the rear thereof, and a follower co-operating with the cam and secured to the bolt at the rear end thereof, said carrier providing for a projection of the bolt in. a uniform axial direction, and said follower extending from the bolt at an angle to said axis and being positioned forwardlv of the carrier.

23, In a lock, the combination of a Casing, a strike, a rotatable bolt proj ectable from the casing to engage the strike, and actuating means for the bolt including a spiral cam fixed within the casing and a follower secured to the bolt and having a plurality of spaced fingers to receive the cam, said tingers b eing so arranged as to permit the cam to be received along a line substantially parallel to the axis of the bolt and along a line at an angle to said axis depending upon the rotational poiition of the bolt.

241. In a lock, the combina-tion of a casing, a strike, a rotatable bolt projectable from the casing to engage the strike, and actuating means for the bolt including a cam and a follower secured to the bolt and having` an opening to receive the cam, the follower being beveled at said opening to pernit the cam to be received along a line substantially parallel to the axis of the bolt and along a line at an angle to said axis depending upon the rotational position of the bolt.

25. In a lock, the combination of a casing, a strike, a rotatable bolt projectable from the casing to engage the strike, and actuating means for the bolt including a cam and a follower secured to the bolt and having an opening to receive the cam, the follower being` beveled at said opening to permit the cam to be received along a line substantially parallel to the axis of the bolt and along a line at an angle to said axis depending upon the rotational position of the bolt, the cam being of varying thickness along ythe length thereof to insure uniform contact between the camV and the follower and positive rotational control of the bolt.

2G. In a lock, the combination of a casing, a strike, a rotatable bolt projectable from the casing to engage the strike, and actu ating means for the bolt including a spiral cam fixed within the casing and a follower secured to the bolt and having an opening to receive said cam, said follower being rotatable directly with the bolt about the axis thereof under actuation from said cam to rotate the bolt.

27.. In a lock, the combination of a casing, a strike, a bolt projectable from the casing to engage ,the strike, and actuating means for the bolt including a spiral cam fixed within the casing and a follower, said follower being operative to rotate the bolt under actuation from said cam and projecting outward of the body of the bolt at an angle to the axis thereof and into position to engage said cam.

28. In a lock, the combination of a casing, a strike, a rotatable bolt projectable from the casing to engage the strike, and actuating means for the bolt including a spiral am fixed within the casing and a follower therefor, said follower being secured to the bolt and rotatable about vthe axis thereof, said cam being` so disposed about the axis of the bolt as to be in engagement with the follower during projection of the bolt.

29. In a lock, the combination of a easing,

agstiile, a rotatable bolt projectable from the casing into engagement with the strike, and actuating means for the bolt including a follower and a cam to rotate the bolt, the cam being positioned within the casing and in elevated relation to a wall of the casing and extending along a side of the bolt to be engaged continuously by the follower during operation of the bolt in either inward or outward direction and serving to cause rotation thereof while being so operated.

30. A lock comprising a casing, .an strike, a rotatable bolt housed normally within the casing, and actuating means for projecting and rotating` said bolt comprising a spiral cam having a plurality of contact surfaces, a follower arranged to turn directly with said bolt and projectable therewith outward of the casing, and means for imparting a forward movement to the bolt, said follower having a sliding contact along both surfaces of the cam to impart a positive rotary movement thereto, said cam being external of the bolt and having different degrees of spirality at different points along its length. 3l. In a lock, the combination of a casing, a strike, a bolt projectable from the easing into engagement with the strike, and `actuating means for the bolt including a cam to rotate the bolt and a follower secured to the bolt and (2o-operating with the cam, the cam and the follower having engagement with each other along an opening provided in one of them for positive rotation of the bolt, the cam being external of the bolt and fixed with respect thereto, the follower extending outward of the bolt at an angle to the axis thereof.

3Q. In a lock, the combination of a casing, awstrilre, a bolt projectable from the casing into engagement with the strike, and actuating means for the bolt including a cam to rotate the bolt and a follower secured to the bolt and co-operating with the cam, the cam and the followerhaving engagement with each other along an opening provided in one of them for positive rotation of the bolt, the cam being externalof the bolt and fixed with respect thereto, and a portion thereof being disposed in approximately helical form about the axis of the bolt, the follower extending outward of the bolt at an angle to the axis thereof.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

FRANCIS J. BOWLING. 

